Regenerative kiln



(No Model.) l ay sheets-sheet 1.

. l E. WALSH, Jr.-

l REGBNERATIVE KILN.

No. 503,729. l- Patented Aug. 22,1893.

i fM/@M i M542 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

E. WALSH, Jr. REGENERATIYE KILN'.

Patented AugQZZ 1893.

@Ziff sV sheetsL-sneet s. E. WALSH, Jr.

. lRBGENIERA'-LIVE KILN. No. 503,729. Patented Aug-22, 1893.

fig.

\ :n i213 Pif-; i FE1-gf?? PNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD WALSH, JR., OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

REGENERATIVE KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,729, dated August22, 1893.

Application filed May 3, 1892. Serial No. 431,674. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD WALSH, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have` inventedcertain new and vuseful Improvements in Regenerative Kilns, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in the general construction anddesign of kilns for burning bricks and similar articles and materials,and for annealing purposes: and has for its object the convenient andeconomical use of gas for such purposes; an efficient means fordirecting the gas and air to the desired part of the kiln, or rather thedesired kiln in a battery of kilns; means for promoting a thoroughcombustion; means for evenly distributing the heat throughout the kiln;convenient means for directing the draft from a kiln that is being firedto another kiln in the battery, thereby making use of the otherwisewasted heat carried off by the products of combustion to heat anotherkiln; means whereby air to a kiln that is being fired can be rst heatedby being passed through the material, as burned bricks, that has alreadybeen fired and burned in another kiln; means for admitting andregulating a supply of fresh air to the draft from a kiln that is beingfired before the same is directed through another kiln.

My invention consists in the details of improvement in construction inkilns for the purposes specified, whereby these desirable results aremore effectively and practically carried on, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanyingdrawings,inwhich like numerals and letters ofreference denote like parts in the several figures, Figure lis a sideelevation of abattery of kilns built according to my improved form ofconstruction, being partly in vertical section, taken as on the line 1-lin Fig. same, partly in section, taken as on the line 2-2 in Fig. l.Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-Seel tion taken on the line 3--3 in Fig 2.Fig. 4. is a sectional view taken as on the line 4-4 in Figs. 2 and 3.Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan View of the arrangement of the floor tiles ofthe kiln. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of one line of the same. Fig. 7 isa side elevation of the 2. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the Y brick checkerwork of which the cross Hoortile-supporting walls are composed; and Fig.8 is a vertical section of the same taken as on the line 8-8 in Fig. 7.

The general plan of the arrangement for conducting and regulating theiiow of the gas to the different kilns is shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, inwhich [Fig 2] lis the main gas iiue, one end of which is connected withthe gas producers, or other source from which gas may be obtained, andthe other closed. This iiue extends the full length of the battery andis directly connected with branch iiues 2 which lead to flues 3, builtinthe masonry work of the kilns, extending transversely across the Widthof the tier of kilns, one along each side of each kiln. 'Ihe flow of thegas to vthe iiues 3 is controlled and regulated by gas valves 4, placedat some convenient position exterior of the kilns. See Figs. 2 and 3.Extending from the iiues 3 in a vertical direction, are formed, in theside Walls of the kilns, the iiues 5 which extend to and terminate inthe ports 6 in the sides of the kilns immediately, or approximately so,below the roof of the kilns. In the side walls of the iiues 3, at apoint between the valves and the kilns, are formed one or more airinduction ports 7 [with proper valves or other means for controlling thesame] for admitting air along with the gas, when the kiln is firstfired.

On theopposite side of the tier of kilns from where the gas main issituated, is placed the main draft iiue 8, which is preferably connectedat both ends with a stack [not sh0wfn].

This main draft fine is directly connected, at each kiln, with thebranchdraft flues 9 which connect the same with the large hollow space [shownin Fig. l] beneath the floor-tiles in the kilns, as shown in Fig. 8. Thepassage-way Ithrough the iiues 9 may, in each instance, be closed byvertically movable damper plates l0.

Situated immediately below the Iiues 9 and extending the length of thekilns and to a convenient distance beyond the main draft iue, are theair ues l1. The ues 1l are, in each kiln, connected by the inclinedcross fines 12, [see kiln A, Fig. l and kilns A and B, Fig. 2] with thevertical air flues 13, similar to the vertical gas iiues 5, whichterminate in the air ports 14 under the roof of the kilns, at

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either side of the same.- The wells- [see Fig. 3]-, whichfform the outerend of the air flues 11, connect directly with the main draft iiue 8 andcommunication therethrough is controlled and regulated by adjustablegate plates 16. The upper end of the'Wells-15whichr are virtually theouter end-s of the air il ues 1l, are closed by adjustable registers 17.

In the main draft ue, at the corners formed by the offsets in the sidewalls of the saine leading to the wells 15v and the iiues 9, are formedvertical' slide-Ways for the-removable diagonal gate plates 18.` 1

There is left, in each kiln, in the construction of the same, below thedesired floor level, a: large Ventilation space, as shown in Fig. l.Thejfloor' is supported on the top of thecross walls 20, which, asVillustrated in Fig. 1 and,

in detail, in Figs. 74 and 8, consist of checker workin order to providea free and open draft or vtntilati'on equally from all parts of theafloor of thekiln..

As illustrated in Figs. 5 and' 6, the fi'oor is Vmade open all over andis formed by placingj s; anning tiles 19 on edge from one cross wall 20to the next and in interposing between-con-Y secutiv'e tiles the shortspacing tiles 21.

The principles ofoperation of' my improved furnace are as follows: Gasis fed to. the. kiln, as awhole, through the main 1. The gas tofdividually and separately regulated by the gas Valves 4'.. The gas isconducted by the flues 8, up through the vertical ilues' andi i'ntoth-einterio'r of the kilns through the ports 6 under the roof alongeachside. At'thesame combustion and the proper temperaturdas;

regulated by the air registers 17', is being fed,

throughl the air flues 11, cross ilues l2, vertical' fines 13 and' airports 14, to the same part of the kiln as the gas, where combustion.takes place. In thisrnanner the kiln is made rever# beratory, thel heatbeing reflected down front all parts-of the heated roof. The products ofcombustion then traverse the interior of the kiln andflow through theopeniioor of the fkiln, and, from the part ofv they kiln farthest fromthe draft nue SthrOughthe open check-V er-work wall 20, to the iiue 9,and thence to' th-es'tack, through the main draft il'ue 8.`I'nthismanner the combustion takes place in alli parts of the upper partof thekiln, and, the`re being no particular part of the fioor whichis;more open than another, the draft i's gener# ally distributed andtheheatl evenly diffused throughout the kiln. This description would applywhen a single kiln is being used inde-A pendentl'y of the rest, as, forinstancewhen the first is being fired. In this instance, the gates 10and 16, at the kilns [as Eand F between the kiln being red [as D, Fig.2] and draft to the stack, as indicated by the arrow When, for anyreason, it is desired to conduct the products of combustion of a kiln[as i liectiozn gate 1-8 at the latter kiln set so as to obstruct thepassage through the main draft iuc- 8 and turn it down the well 15, intothe l air flue l1 of that kiln, as shown by the arrow 51, in Fig. 2. Atthe same time, fresh I air can be fed, throughV the register 17 at thelatter kiln, tothe current of heated products from the former'kiln, inorder, for instance, to thoroughly consume any unconsumed gas from thefirst kiln.

The form of construction and of consequent adaptability just' describedmaybe taken advantage of in another way; when the matej rial in any onekiln [as C] hasl been burned, lit may be used to regenerate the. air fedto i another kiln [as B] in which the material is being burned. In thisinstance, instead of feeding'fresh air to the latter kiln [as B]fthrough its own register 17, that register is closed and the registerat the former kiln [C] `is opened and the' air passingdown through ltheheated material containedlin Vthe kiln becomes heated before 'it reaches.the latter kiln [B], through the draft iiue 9" and that portion of1'the main liuc` 8 between the two each kiln, and to each side of eachkiln, is i'n kilns, the deiiection gates 18 being arranged,

i as indicated in Fig. 2`, atfthe formerkiln [0], i to. direct the draftto the latter kiln and, at fthe latter kiln [B'] to. deflect the currentof heated air from the mainl nue 8 down the well 15. thereat, asindicated bythe arrowl. t-.i'me, .ai r, in theproper quantity for compl'etef r[.he method of' manipulation, as just' defscribed,islof- 'greatadvantage, and of parj ti'cular value, in consequent results, when the jkiln` is used for annealing purposes, when the i gradual reduction oftemperaturev is the feature of importance.

The extreme' fiexib'ility of manipulation in controlling the absoluteandrelative' amounts of gas and air fed to any one kiln when usedsingly; this feature, in relation to the admission of air to each Akilnindependently of 1 the others when the kilns' are worked on theregenerative plan; causing the combustion to take place in the top partof the kiln and the outdraft through the door ofL the same, therebycausing an exceedingly leven dis- L, semination of the consequentheatthroughout all. parts of the kiln and about-the material beingtreated therein; making the fioor 'of the kiln of tilesspaced apart andthe sup portingwalls of checker brickwork', whereby the last-mentioneddesirable result tated, in that the 4out-draft is not'. in the least isfacili-y directed t'c any particular part of the floor;

in providing means whereby the products of d j any one kiln may Abedeflected from the main the stack, are closed, and the deflection di- Lagonal gate 18properly placed'to direct the f draft'liue to the airil'ue of another kiln,` and 1in the additional provision, in this'con-necL `jti'on for adjustably feeding fresh air to the `j saidproducts. of combustion, are among the features ofimprovement andadvantage. My

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new form of construction-putting the kiln, as a whole, practically undercontrol and Y making the same an operative kiln, both regenerative andreverberatory.

1. The herein described permanent floor for kilns, consisting of floortiles having spacing tiles therebetween of less thickness than the iioortiles proper, substantially as described.

2. The herein described permanent floor for kilns, consisting of iioortiles having spacing tiles of less length and thickness arrangedbetween, and at the contiguous ends of the floor tiles proper, andsupporting walls for the same consisting of open checker brick work,substantially as described.

3. In a battery of kilns, the combination with the gas and air inductionports leading to the upper part of each kiln, individual draft iiuesleading from each of said kilns to a common draft iiue, an air inductioniiue leading to each of said kilns, a communicating flue between themain draft flue and the individual air induction fines, and means forcontrolling the passage between the said main draft flue and theindividual air induction flues, and the main draft ues and theindividual draft lues, substantially as described.

4. In a battery kiln, the combination with a gas supply iiue and branchpipes leading therefrom to each side of individual kilns, of aconduction ue for the products of combustion leading from each kiln to amain draft flue, and defiection gates at the junction of with the maindraft line -8 and deflection gates 18, of airflues 11, registers 17,wells 15 and draft tubes 9; substantially as and for the purposesdescribed. I

6. In a battery of regenerative kilns, the combination of individual gasand air iues leading to both sides of said kilns, an open checker workdoor, an out-draft iiue leading from below the iioor of said i kilns toa common draft flue, a communicating flue between said main draft flueand said air tlues, and removable and adjustable gate plates, adapted todirect the draft from the main draft iiue to an individualV air flue,all combinedand operating in the manner and for the purposes specified.

7. In a battery of regenerative kilns, the combination of individual gasand air iues leading to both sides of said kilns, an open checker-workfloor, an out-draft leading from below the floor of said kilns to acommon draft flue, a communicating flue between said main draft flue andsaid air flues, removable and adjustable gate plates, adapted toobstruct the continuous passage-way through said main flue and todeflect the draft from said main llue to said air ilues, and gate platesto obstruct communication between said individual draft dues and themain draft flue and to close communication between said main ilue andsaid individual air tlues, all combined and operating in the manner andfor the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I have afxed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses, this 23d day of April, 1892.

EDWARD WALSH, JR.

Witnesses:

' PAUL BAKEWELL,

A. RAMEL.

